ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)/ ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children and adolescents across the world and often continues into adulthood. ADHD/ADD is characterised by difficulties with sustaining attention, impulsive control, and hyperactivity.
The children/adolescents can be perceived as ‘naughty’, and often struggle with low self-esteem, poor relationships, and poor academic performances. With the appropriate help they are more likely to reach their full potential.
Inattention:
Hyperactivity and Impulsivity:
Several features should be present before the age of 12 years and are present in two or more settings, (e.g., at home, school, or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities).
In children and adolescents there could be several reasons that may cause ADHD/ADD. Such as
First step would be to talk to your child’s teachers. Discuss with school or your GP about getting referred to your local NHS services (usually referred to as the Neurodevelopmental Team). The diagnosis is based on the information from the child/adolescent in a psychiatric interview, using relevant questionnaires (when needed), getting collateral information from family/carers, school and carrying out a complete mental state examination.
The most effective way of treating ADHD/ADD is multimodal. It may vary with age and severity. The treatment options include
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